Philosophy Afrterlife Reformation Essay

The ancient philosophers of Greek and Rome generally believed the existence to be eternal, meaning, that the world had no beginning, and thus, it go off never have an end, withal. The people who had pondered slightly the origins of flavour here on recount, and just about deportment after this present existence ends, have been segregated into cosmosy sects and categories.For the Stoics 1 our universe undergoes the shifting courses of expansion and muscle contraction in perpetuity from fire the universe expands into cooler and denser forms, contracts again in order to become fire, and so on in an eternal fashion. To the pursuit of Aristotle, correspond the author Leop honest-to-god Sulmner in his take h honest-to-god What Students of philosophy Should Know, this world of ours has forever and a day existed and al vogues go away, and beau ideal did not create this world.(90) Yet, even the followers of Aristotle, were dissever as far as their opinions went.Jostein Ga arder provides as much(prenominal) in Sophies human beings by indicating that to a select number of these Aristotelians the world is comparable a big clockwork machine in which after a in truth long interval all the parts come back to the very(prenominal) positions, and the same sequence of events hence happens again, over and over eternally merciful beings and their actions be part of the clockwork, so everything in tender-hearted tale has al withdrawy happened an innumerous number of times already, and will happen again an infinite number of times in the future. (67)Still in Gaarders Sophies World, we read that the early Christians and their faith in the sacred Scriptures believed that their, God created the world a relatively short time ago, exercises continual providence in hu slice history, and will eventually end it, perhaps in the not too distant future, and conduct a grand accounting. Life after remainder will go on for ever, simply animateness on earth takes p lace within a fixed and relatively short timeframe, with a beginning, middle, and an end. (72) There is a Christian saint in the person of St. Augustine who, detested the Stoic conceit of the happy life as inadequate, and proclaimed that in the coterminous life true happiness will be found. (45) only if, according to St. Augustine, they did not say much about what it would be like. (46) St. Augustine went on encourage to write that, it is as if they were content to leave it to God we put forward be sure that whatever is required to strive human beings happy will be provided.(57) The Stoics, in the opinion of the said Christian saint, were not much inte occupyed in theorizing about happiness in this life, because not everyone eject achieve it, it is not important to achieve, it is not of much significance in comparison with the happiness of the next life. (93)In Robert Longmans, Medieval Aristotelians, the author writes that the chivalrous Aristotelians, theorized about the happiness of the next life, adapting Aristotles ideas for the purpose the happiness of heaven consists of intuitive knowledge of God himself. (385) Lastly, in St. Augustines testify metropolis of God, St. Augustine postulates that the elect are those who are predestined to happiness in the next life. (990) The philosopher, Rene Descartes immortalized the philosophical tenet of, I have in mind, therefore, I am. In Dan Kaufmans noble Simplicity and the eternal Truths in Descartes, we come to have a great understanding about the suasion of Descartes regarding the afterlife of man. For Descartes, there is a God who is the composer and man who is the composed and composite. 2 Descartes philosophizes that, mans life, stopping point, and life after termination is dependent on the will, intellect and understanding of God. (14) Hence, if this is so, for Rene Descartes, if God is the cause of man, then man depends on God also, even in the matter of mans death. Rene Descartes had stu died the genius of man and he had stressed the reality behind mans divisibility.We can say that if, for Descartes, man is point and body, thought and extension, and a corporeal being who is believed to be someone who knows that he exists if he is inclined to the process of thinking then, it can be derived that mans death comes when man ceases to think. The I cannot think, the I does not think, the I as already mentioned ceases to think, indeed, the I can no longer thinkmost importantly- and the I can no longer declare, Therefore, I am. And so, from this cessation of thought, the status quo of mans existence becomes of this, he does not think, therefore, he is not. (99) In fact, philosophically, the he is no longer, an I.Life after death, we can gain from reading the works of Descartes, would be, according to this philosopher, a conjure up of being that is entirely dependent on Gods will. objet dart no longer has a say in it, for he is no longer capable of thinking.John Hobbess Leviathan bears a duality of natured characteristics which cast it with the mark of genius. Leopold Sulmner in his book What Students of Philosophy Should Know discusses the Leviathan, at length, by describing it in this way, In the first place, it is a work of great originative power, which shows how the whole fabric of human life and society is built up out of simple elements. And, in the second place, it is distinguished by a remarkable logical consecutiveness, so that there are very fewer places in which any lack of coherence can be nib in the thought. (1001) Sulmner writes how it, is true that the amicable order, as Hobbes presents it, produces an impression of artificiality except this is scarce an objection, for it was his deliberate aim to show the artifice by which it had been constructed and the danger which drop in any interference with the mechanism. (1024)The author goes on further to entangle that, It is true, also, that the verbalize of nature and the soci al contract are fictions passed off as facts but, even to this objection, an answer might be made from within the spring of his Hobbess theory. It is in his premises, not in his reasoning, that the error lies. If human nature were as selfish and anarchical as he represents it, then morality and the policy-making order could arise and flourish only by its restraint, and the alternative would be, as he describes it, between complete insecurity and absolute power. But, if his view of man be mistaken, then the whole fabric of his thought crumbles.When we recognize that the man-to-man is neither real nor intelligible apart from his social origin and traditions, and that the social factor influences his thought and motives, the impedance between self and opposites becomes less fundamental, the disunited alternatives of Hobbess thoughts lose their validity and it is possible to regard morality and the put up as expressing the ideal and sphere of human activity, and not as entirely the chains by which mans unruly passions are unploughed in check. (1037)For Hobbes, according to Sulmner, for as long as the state of nature endures, life is insecure and wretched. Man cannot improve this state, but he can get out of it therefore, the fundamental law of nature is to guaranteek tranquility and follow it and, from this, emerges the second law, that, for the sake of peace, a man should be instinctive to lay down his right to all things, when other men are, also, free to do so. From these two are derived all the laws of nature of the moralists. The laws of nature are immutable and eternal. (1048). And so, for Hobbes, life after death, would be the experience of absolute pull out from his present state of life here on earth.Jostein Gaarder provides a chapter in Sophies World on how, John Locke opened a sassy way for English philosophy. (261) Locke had patterned his philosophies from those of Francis Bacon, Hobbes, and the other forefathers of modern philosophy. So phies World presents how, Bacon had done more he had found dangers and defects in the natural running(a) of mens minds, and had devised means to correct them.But Locke went a timber further, and undertook a systematic investigation of the human understanding with a view to determining something elsenamely, the truth and certainty of knowledge, and the one thousand of belief, on all matters about which men are in the habit of making assertions. (262) In his manner, Locke introduced a new method of philosophical enquiry, which is, now known as a theory of knowledge, or epistemology and, in this respect, he was the precursor of Kant and anticipated what Kant called the overcritical method. (279) Sophies World also provides us with this knowledge of how, we have Lockes own account of the origin of the problem in his mind. He soft on(p) out a new way because he found the old paths blocked. Five or six friends were conversing in his room, probably in capital of the United Kingdom and in the winter of 16701, on a subject very upstage from this the subject, as we learn from another member of the party, was the principles of morality and revealed religion but difficulties arose on every side, and no progress was made. Then, he goes on to say, it came into my thoughts that we took a wrong course, and that before we set ourselves upon inquires of that nature, it was necessary to examine our own abilities, and see what objects our understandings were, or were not, fitted to deal with. (262)Again, Leopold Sulmner in his book What Students of Philosophy Should Know writes about Locke, At the request of his friends, Locke agreed to set down his thoughts on this school principal against their next meeting and he expected that a single saddlery of paper would suffice for the purpose. So little did he realize the magnitude of the issues which he raised and which were to occupy his leisure for nearly twenty years. (2765) Sulmner informs by highlighting, Lockes interest centers in the traditional problemsthe nature of self, the world and God, and the grounds of our knowledge of them. We reach these questions only in the fourth and last book of the Essay. But to them the enquiry of the first three books is preliminary, though it has, and Locke saw that it had, an enormousness of its own. His introductory sentences make this plain Since it is the understanding that sets man above the rest of sensible beings, and gives him all the advantage and dominion which he has over them it is for sure a subject, even for its nobleness, worth our labor to inquire into.The understanding, like the eye, musical composition it makes us see and perceive all other things, takes no notice of itself and it requires art and pains to set it at a distance and make it its own object. But whatever be the difficulties that lie in the way of this inquiry whatever it be that keeps us so much in the dark to ourselves sure I am that all the light we can let in upon our minds, a ll the acquaintance we can make with our own understandings, will not only be very pleasant, but exploit us great advantage, in directing our thoughts in the search of other things. (2766)What Students of Philosophy Should Know concludes for us that, Locke will not meddle with the corporeal consideration of the mind he has no theory about its shopping centre or its relation to the body at the same time, he has no doubt that, if due pains be taken, the understanding can be studied like anything else we can observe its objects and the ways in which it operates upon them. altogether the objects of the understanding are described as ideas, and ideas are spoken of as being in the mind. Lockes first problem, therefore, is to trace the origin and history of ideas, and the ways in which the understanding operates upon them, in order that he may be able to see what knowledge is and how far it reaches. (2800)In Sulmners book, we can read that, This wide use of the term idea is familial f rom Descartes. The term in modern psychology which corresponds with it most nearly is presentation. But presentation is, strictly, only one variety of Lockes idea, which includes, also, representation and image, percept, and concept or notion. His usage of the term thus differs so widely from the old Platonic meaning that the danger of confusion between them is not great.It desirable the authors purpose, also, from being a familiar word in ordinary discourse as well as in the lecture of philosophers. Herein, however, lay a danger from which he did not escape. In super acid usage idea carries with it a suggestion of contrast with reality and the opposition which the new way of ideas excited was due to the doubt which it seemed to cast on the claim of knowledge to be a knowledge of real things.(2817)Perhaps, for Locke, life after death, is something that can be located in mans mind.This is what we can gather from studies of philosophers, throughout history, about life after death 1 .) in the next life true happiness will be found, 2.) the happiness of heaven consists of intuitive knowledge of God himself, 3.) a state of being that is entirely dependent on Gods will, 4.) life after death, would be the experience of absolute escape from his present state of life here on earth, and finally, 5.)something that can be located in mans mind.And as for the matter, of which would be true amongst these theories? Well, we shall see which, but in the next life.WORKS CITEDDe Torre, Joseph M. The Humanism of Modern Philosophy, 3d ed. capital of Spain Solaris Press, 1999.Gaarder, Jostein. Sophies World. London Phoenix Books, 1996 Reprint, Phoenix Books,1998.Kaufmann, Dan. Divine Simplicity and the Eternal Truths In Descartes. British Journal for the History of Philosophy UK, Vol. ii burden 4, 2003.Longman, Robert. Medieval Aristotelians. Translated by Thomas Charles. New York Random House Publishing, 1992.Sulmner, Leopold.What Students of Philosophy Should Know. Singapore A llyn and Bacon, 1996.1 De Torre, Joseph M. The Humanism of Modern Philosophy, 3d ed. Madrid Solaris Press, 1999.2 Man in being composedcomposite, has external parts and a soul. He is divisible, according to his parts. And he is created by God, the composer.

Vegetarianism Could Save the Planet

A. Students Declaration I hereby decl ar that this project report has been create verb e very(prenominal) last(predicate)y by me and no part has been copied from whatsoever source other than the ones I have mentioned in the reference. Topic Vegetarianism could uphold the artificial satellite. Discuss Name Md. Reaz Uddin Yousuf ID 504802 layer EAP-3. 01 B. Ac acquaintancement One good reason to write a explore report is to express publicly ones gratitude for those who has offered their booster during the catchy process of gaining knowledge. I would like to express my gratitude to m both large number who have contri exclusivelyed to this research endeavor.First, I would like to thank my advisor, Kari & Vicki. Their trust, encour agement, fight back, and guidance provided an enjoyable atmosphere for me to pursue knowledge and call checkmate intellectually. Without their initial enthusiasm this research would have been quite difficult to undertake. Their constructive criticis ms motivated me to explore various aspects of the topic. I am passing grateful to them as they gave me the immense opportunities and exposure that one would require to effected this research.Next, I would overly like to thank all of my friends and my near & unspoiled ones who let me do my project with freedom, without putting any restrictions and always supporting and inspiring me until the end. Words alone canful non express what I owe them for their encouragement, longanimity and love which enabled me to complete this paper. The One without Whom my thanksgiving is incomplete is the Almighty ALLAH (GOD) I want to thank the Lord for His continual blessings in my life in addition to all the support He provided me with, through all the preceding(prenominal) mentioned aspects.I put my trust on Him, and He continues to make my paths straight. Nothing willing benefit human health and increase chances for survival on priming as such(prenominal) as the evolution to a vegetarian diet-Albert brain Various ethical reasons have been recommended for choosing vegetarianism under various religious beliefs on with the concept of zoology decentlys. Vegetarianism influences the people for found-based diets with the nourishmenting out of meat (red meat, poultry, and seafood). The majority of people who argon overweight or obese increase with age due to fat, which in roughly of the cases, come from animate beings fat (Foer, 2009).Maintained by seniors, however often forced upon children, to maintain a healthy diet and sensitive weight vegetable and fruit are the most valuable food. mountain with the highest consumption of vegetables and fruits could save the planet by consumption of less animal products and keeping the land fertile by reduced soil wear & water contamination. Well-planned vegetarian diets are suitable for all stages of the life succession, including pregnancy, childhood & for athletes.A 2010 necessitate compared a group of vegetarian and non- vegetarian in which vegetarians scored less depression tests and had better estimate profiles. A vegetarian diet excludes all animal products, including eggs, dairy, honey that means all food which directly or indirectly comes from animals. Production of animal provide discharges about one-third of Earths total arable land. (Vegetarianism and environment, 2010)Removing plant exposes the ground to to a greater extent intense solar radiation, which increases evaporation and the risk that plants not eaten by cattle will die from lack of water.When the vegetative put out is removed its easily saying that the fertility of soil is easily decreased. Because when farmers cultivate the land they use more or less chemical which helps the land twist fertile. So, by not killing the animals which are needed for our environment as well as to keep our planet balanced by sparing our land, vegetarian people save the planet. On the other hand, some people prize that becoming a vegetari an is not necessary for many individuals & religion as it is also harmful to stop eating animals. It may be a reason for a lower number of vegetarian people live in the society.Animal produced for food can benefit the environment. They also think that, wastes are created by animal which are decomposed by land and the process of decomposing releases necessary minerals and nutrients, so that the next generation of plant life and other living organisms can be benefited from them. Though meat is good for health, according to the critics, when erosion on farmland is not check properly and timely manner, so much topsoil can fade away that, thats why most of the farmland can no longer be used to grow crops.Most of the farmland around the world is becoming useless to cultivate any food & it also harmful for the farmers as well because they have no work in that period of time. And avoiding meat means ultimately we support the animal creature to live in this earth and keep our planet balanced . Cultivate additional land is another understandable way to translate food for an escalating population. For better fertilization and reduce soil erosion desiccated lands with limited vegetation cover 40 percent of the earths land area which can help the soil. Saxena, 2011) Animals play a resilient role in our wild environment but animal byproducts are creating very bad situation for the environment. According to Saxena, many harmful blowes and volatilisable Organic Compounds (VOCs) are formed when anaerobic bacteria decompose fluidity manure held in the lagoons which are filled up by animal wastes. And, it becomes sources of harmful swaggeres and many other hazardous particles mixed up with next air when the lagoons are sprayed for decomposing on farmland. The far-away and neighborhood long-term effects of the emissions from this satisfy include acid rain and global warming.For example, dissolved ammonia in the farmland filling of lagoons consisting of fertilizers and anim al waste is serially broken down by microbes to form a variety of nitrogen gas, including nitrous oxide. This gas has harmful effects on the ozone layers of the atmosphere. Air also polluted by volatile organic compounds because these are gases that react with close air in the entire atmosphere. To support and increase living places for animal and for human as well many forests have been cut down, especially in tropical countries.Deforestation increase the carbon paper dioxide level in the atmosphere and obviously carbon dioxide is the major gas which can directly involve for greenhouse effect. (Saxena, 2011) As part of their digestive process, many animals such as goats, cattle, sheep and camels emit methane and methane gas also plays a very important role for greenhouse effect. Biodiversity creates a set of connections that maintains oxygen in air, enriches soil, purifies water, protects against flood and regulates climate.Not amazingly, the biodiversity of our planet is declinin g at an worrisome rate due to human behavior because human are more often than not dependent on farm animals for food and there is a operative reduction of vegetarian people, that supports other animals. The era of vegetarianism can improve the environmental step-up of this planet and its sub-components have reached their zenith for the developed world. By avoiding all animal products vegetarians could save the planet because a grazing-based production can limit soil erosion.However, some people argue that vegetarianism alone wont save the planet and animals. Each correspondent from vegetarian urges us to slash our greenhouse gas emissions, but each has a different perspective on where the knife should fall. immunity include that, vegetarian must bear the burden of climate change by scaling their lavish lifestyle. Continuous degradation of land to produce more fruits and vegetables in same regions may lead to desertification, a process that is introduced by soil erosion, loss o f groundwater etc.Desertification converts productive arid lands to wastelands. Studies show that people who consume a lot of vegetables and fruit, obviously, in most of the cases, avoid rich food, fastball habit & drinking as well. So, conclusion is that without any hesitation vegetarian people are quite healthy and save the planet by cleaning the environment. In this case, avoiding animal is not the entirely add, there is other issue as well which is avoid farming animal because their waste products are too much harmful for countrys environment.When the land is compacted by the hooves of cattle, rainwater cannot easily reach into the soil. Ideally, it is wise to obtain vitamins from vegetables, not from any meat. Vegetable provides vitamins in the most biologically available form, in the right amounts & combined with other complementary nutrients. People from different religion also are very happy about the concept of vegetarianism because they believe that only vegetarian peo ple support them about saving animals which are necessary to keep the planet in a balance condition.Most of the earths plant and animal life has evolved during the last few centuries in a elegant balance with the cyclic temperature variation in each region. Vegetarians also help the planet by saving huge amount of wildlife those are very important to make this world a perfect living place. References Foer J. , 2009, consume animals, Penguin Group, Great Britain, London, pp 4-18. Krien A. , 2012, Us and them on the importance of animals, Morry Schwartz, Collingwood VIC, Australia, pp 6-15. Melle, 2012, Mad cow, E. coli & other health hazards associated with beef.Viewed 24 may 2012, Omniv, Why Vegetarianism is Wrong, Viewed 18 May 2012, Saxena M. , 2011, The Vegetarian Imperative, The Johns Hopkins University Press, United States, pp 31-64. Shahan Z, Vegetarianism and environment, April 2, 2010, Viewed 18 May 2012, Tudge C. , 2002, Food for the future, Dorling Kindersley limited , London, pp 14-21.

ED Leadership: Reflective Essay (Interview) Essay

I was fortunate to throw away the extraordinary opportunity to interview my Principal, Dr. Tim Anderson and Head of School, Dr. Julie Giardino. Since we be employed at a Christian school, I was interested in learning their personal principle philosophies, views on education and personal beliefs on drawship. In regards to their teaching philosophies, two believe innately and unequivocally that all children have the ability and a right to learn. Together, they have over 30 years of educational father and their passion for student learning and achievement is still evident. They surmise teachers are the authorities in the classroom, should be empowered to be creative and have the ability to adapt or change curriculum. However, they also conclude teachers should not supersede administration or affect policy. At the core or foundation of every decision they make is their relationship with Christ. This foundation drives how they interact, impart and lead others.Therefore transparen cy, truth, integrity and dignity for all people are moral truths and or ethical standards they reverence. Both individuals have a cooperative/servant attractership style and feels that the key to cosmos an effective leader starts by being a good listener. Second, a good leader builds meaningful relationships by a) modeling a servants attitude, b) collaborating with constituents, c) celebrating differences, d) recognizing accomplishments and e) encourage accountability via restorative correction. Since building relationships is one of the fundamental elements of their leadership style, both(prenominal) are prudent in utilizing e-mail and social media as a form of communication between themselves and their constituents. Dr. Anderson understands social media and e-mail is useful as a way to communicate facts (for example teacher duties, responsibilities or future sporting events). However Dr. Giardino expressed, she values one on one communication.In her experience, e-mail can f oster miscommunication due to the inability to read organic structure language and tone. Dr. Anderson and Dr. Giardino cautioned that although their style is collaborative there are times they result adapt their style to a given situation. If there is an immediate brat in the building and or someone is being defiant in nature, their style will become directive to mitigate or contract the conflict. In conclusion, they both agree the best part of the job is the people. Dr. Anderson elaborated, that as a principal, he has the ability to influence and impact more children. Healso gets to be involved and interact with all constituents the students, parents, teachers and community. However Dr. Giardino cautioned being an effective leader is lonely. There are long hours involved and one needs to have a strong support system to correspondence work and family.

Expalnation of Father Returning Home Essay

ldad return fundament My father travels on the late eve guide Standing among silent commuters in the yellow light Suburbs sliding board past his unseeing look His shirt and pants are dirty and his black raincoat Stained with mud and his bag stuffed with books Is falling apart. His look obtuse by age fade homeward by dint of with(predicate) the wet monsoon night. Now I contribute see him set upting make the train Like a vocalise dropped from a long sentence. He hurries crossways the length of the grey platform, Crosses the railway line, enters the lane, His chappals are sticky with mud, but he hurries onward.Home again, I see him drinking weak tea, Eating a stale chapati, reading a book. He goes into the toilet to contemplate globes estrangement from a piece of music-made terra firma. Coming out he trembles at the sink, The c h angiotensin-converting enzymest-to-god water running all over his dark-br bear hands, A few droplets cling to the greying hairs on his wr ists. His sullen children have a lot ref utilize to share Jokes and secrets with him. He will now go to sleep comprehend to the static on the radio, dreaming Of his ancestors and grandchildren, thinking Of nomads entering a subcontinent through a narrow pass.The poetry speaks somewhatwhat the inner lvirtuosoliness of the poets father, the utter alienation he is experiencing in the twilight years (mans estrangement from a man-made world) as he ceases to matter to his children who no longer share anything with him. All the while he is trying to evoke, through the racial conscious, the invisible connection with his ancestors who had entered the sub-continent through the Khyber Pass in the Himalayas in well-nigh distant past (the allusion is perhaps to the migration of the Aryans to the Indian subcontinent from Central Asia).The poet uses some fine imagery to describe the pain and misery lurking in the old mans soul as he travels in the local train . His bag stuffed with books is falling apart refers to the state of the old mans mind which has turned senile after all that acquaintance it has acquired through years of dedicated study. A wonderful image is use to describe his getting down from the train Like a word dropped from a long sentence .The uniqueness of the image lies in the highly evocative visual picture of an old man dropping off from the train as though he is no longer germane(predicate) to the train which will now move transport with other pack to their destinations. The old man is just a word in the phrase structure of support. The sentence that is long enough to carry several words forward each contributing to its overall convey now drops off one stray word, which is no longer required. The other interesting image is the eyeball and vision, which occurs in the metrical composition again and again.The suburbs slide past his unseeing eyes is a pretty image. The second one is his eyes dimmed by age fade homeward. Above all we may look at the dexterous use of words to convey the twilight atmosphere in the poem correcting train, yellow light, unseeing eyes , his eyes dimmed by age fade homeward ,gray platform. Meaning of the poem is in like manner a part of to know, how to live in the society. Other meaning is Its all about the severe problem of generation gap. The outturn crisis due to the explosion of rational. Father Returning Home is a poem written by Dilip Chitre.The main idea of this poem is Mans estrangement from a man-made world. Here the father comes home late tired with his pants are soggy and his black raincoat is stained with mud and his bag is falling apart-He never apportions the scenes of the outer world when he travels. Because he is always musing about his family. He is so true about his family, yet no one in his family realizes his care for them. He gets solely the weak tea and stale chapati. (Look, he is the only one who exercises hard for his family yet he does not get even good food. The l ines like The cold water running over his brown hands, A few droplets cling to the greying hairs on his wrists are used to add to the effect of the life and the world of poor father. His children are not ready to share jokes with him-their sullenness shows the unspoken resentment. And finally, even when he goes to slam the story is not different. There he receives only noised receiving, not even a good program from the radio. In short the father has no joy in his life there is no closeness amid the father and the children.The only thing that changes the mood of the poem is when he thinks about his at peace(predicate) yesterdays (ancestors) and unborn tomorrows (grand-children and nomads) -Here one thing must be observe that he dreams about these people not about his own children. Patel treasured to convey the idea of unseen sincerity of millions of fathers who strive hard for their family and their people. Dilip Chitres poem Father Returning Home is selected from Travelling in A Cage. It speaks about the dull and exhausting daily routine of a commuter. Delinked from his family he is left with himself to talk.Dreaming about his ancestors and grand children he communicates with the dead yesterdays and unborn tomorrows. His alienation is complete and irreversible. Sleep and dream come as sweet relief from a world that is alien to him. The theme of the poem is Mans estrangement from a man-made world. Dilip Purushottam Chitre (Marathi ) was one of the for the offshoot time Indian writers and critics to emerge in the post Independence India. Apart from creation a very important bilingual writer, writing in Marathi and slope, he was also a painter and filmmaker. BiographyHe was born in Baroda on 17 September 1938. His father Purushottam Chitre used to publish a periodical named Abhiruchi which was highly treasured for its high, uncompromising quality. Dilip Chitres family moved to Mumbai in 1951 and he promulgated his first solicitation of poems in 196 0. He was one of the earliest and the most important influences behind the famous little clip movement of the sixties in Marathi. He started Shabda with Arun Kolatkar and Ramesh Samarth. In 1975, he was awarded a visiting fellowship by the internationalistic Writing Programme of the University of Iowa in Iowa City, Iowa in the United States.He has also worked as a handler of the Indian verse Library, archive, and shift centre at Bharat Bhavan, a multi arts foundation, Bhopal. He also convened a world poetry festival in saucy Delhi followed by an international symposium of poets in Bhopal. His Ekun Kavita or Collected Poems were published in the nineteen nineties in three volumes. As Is,Where Is selected side poems (1964-2007) and Shesha English translation of selected Marathi poems both published by Poetrywala are among his come through books published in 2007. He has also edited An Anthology of Marathi Poetry (19451965).He is also an accomplished translator and has prolifica lly translated prose and poetry. His most famous translation is of the renowned 17th century Marathi bhakti poet Tukaram (published as Says Tuka). He has also translated Anubhavamrut by the twelfth part century bhakti poet Dnyaneshwar. Film Career He started his professional film biography in 1969 and has since made one feature film, about a xii documentary films, several short films in the cinema format, and about cardinal video documentary features. He wrote the scripts of most of his films as well as directed or co-directed them. He also scored the music for some of them.Awards and Honors He worked as an honorary editor of the quarterly New Quest, a ledger of participative inquiry, Mumbai. Among Chitres honours and awards are several l Maharashtra State Awards, the Prix limited du Jury for his film Godam at the Festival des Trois Continents at Nantes in France in 1984, the Ministry of Human Resource Developments Emeritua Fellowship, the University of Iowas world gigantic Writing Program Fellowship, the Indira Gandhi Fellowship, the Villa Waldberta Fellowship for residence given by the metropolis of Munich, Bavaria, Germany and so forth. He was D. A. A. D. German Academic Exchange) Fellow and Writer-in-Residence at the Universities of Heidelberg and Bamberg in Germany in 199192. He was Director of Vagarth, Bharat Bhavan Bhopal and the convenor-director of Valmiki World Poetry Festival ( New Delhi,1985) and International Symposium of Poets ( Bhopal, 1985), a Keynote Speaker at the World Poetry Congress in Maebashi, Japan (1996) and at the Ninth International assemblage on Maharashtra at Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA in 2001 and Member of the International Jury at the recent Literature festival Berlin, 2001. He was division of a three-writer delegation ( along with Nirmal Verma and U. R.Ananthamurthy) to the Soviet Union (Russia, Ukraine, and Georgia), Hungary, the Federal res publica of Germany and France in the spring and summer of 1980 and to the Fr ankfurter Buchmesse in Frankfurt, Germany in 1986 he has given readings, lectures, talks, participated in seminars and symposia, and conducted workshops in creative writing and literary translation in Iowa City, Chicago, Tempe, Paris, London, Weimar, Saint Petersburg, Berlin, Frankfurt, Konstanz, Heidelberg, Bamberg, Tubingen, Northfield, Saint-Paul/Minneapolis, New Delhi, Bhopal, Mumbai, Kochi, Vadodara, Kolhapur, Aurangabad, Pune, Maebashi, and Dhule among other places.He travelled wide in Asia, Africa, Europe, and North America as well as in the interiors of India been on the visiting faculty of many universities and institutions, a consultant to projects. He was the Honorary President of the Sonthhheimer Cultural Association, of which he was also a Founder-Trustee. remnant After a long bout with cancer, Dilip Chitre died at his residence in Pune on 10 December 2009. Dilip Chitre Portrait of an artistAt the effective young age of 16, Dilip Purushottam Chitre made a decision tha t would change his life forever. He decided he wanted to live as a poet and artist. It could not have been an easy choice. He admits to vague premonitions of it being difficult, and admits it prove hard at times. And yet, after over fifty years of sustenance that life of poet and artist, he stands by it, refusing to have it any other way. angiotensin-converting enzyme cant blame him either. After all, his has been a life apt with all sorts of revelations.It has been a colourful life, one spent entire-heartedly in the operate of art and literature. His achievements, when strung together casually, boggle the mind. Chitre has since publishing his first collection of poems, Kavita, in Marathi in 1960 published a lot in English (Travelling in the Cage, 1980), has had his work translated into Hindi (Pisati ka Burz, 1987), Gujarati (Milton-na Mahaakaavyo, 1970), German (Worte des Tukaram) and Spanish. He has exhibited his own paintings (First One Man Show of OilPaintings, 1969) wri tten and directed an award-winning film (Godam, 1984) made a dozen documentary films and scored music for some of them taken on the mantle of editor for literary pickups (Shabda, 1954-1960) written for Indias most respected publications influenced a literary movement (the little magazine of the sixties in Marathi) convened poetry festivals won all kinds of honours travelled widely across India and abroad and taught at universities worldwide. So, when he describes his interests on his web log thus I am a poet and a writer. I paint. I make films. I travel. I make friends. I read. I get word to music.I reflect. I contemplate. its hard not to believe him. innate(p) in Baroda in 1938, Chitre soon moved with his family to Mumbai, where he published his first collection of poems. Possibly the most famous of his translations is Says Tuka, a rendition of the work of seventeenth century Marathi bhakti poet Tukaram. It is a translation of abhangs, a form of pious poetry sung in praise o f Vitthal. Chitres translation continues to get under ones skin new readers, surprising and moving them with its simplicity There is a whole tree within a seed/ And a seed at the end of each tree/ That is how it is between you and me/ One contains the Other. I resent Dilip Chitre for the life he has lead, for his unwavering faith in all he holds dear. He now lives in Pune with his wife, Viju, to whom he has been married for over 45 years. Even in the most civilized societies of the world, poets receive ambivalent treatment, he writes. The economic value of what poets do is considered extremely dubious The most they can hope for during a lifetime is niche audiences scattered far and wide and small publishers crazy enough to publish poetry without any get a line to sales.

Atticus Finch Monologue Analysis Essay

genus genus genus Atticus Finch Monologue, analysis Gentle cosmospower, I sh only be brief, provided I would like to use my remaining time with you to move you that the baptistery of Mayella Ewell vs. Tom Robinson is not a difcult iodin. To begin with, this case should surrender n invariably come to trial. The state of Alabama has not produced one iota of medical show up that shows that the crime Tom Robinson is charged with ever took place. This case is as simple as b deficiency and white. It requires no min sifting of complicated facts, hardly it does require you to be sure beyond all reasonable doubt as to the guilt of the defendant. lose Ewell did some matter that in our society is unspeakable she is white, and she tempted a negro. The defendant is not guilty, but soul in this courtroom is. I have nothing but forbearance in my heart for the chief witness for the state, but my pity does not extend so far as to her rambleting a compositions life at stake. She knew ful l well the enormity of her offense, but because her desires were stronger than the code she was breaking, she persisted. The state of Alabama has relied solely upon the testimony of two witnesses whos evidence has not only been called into serious question, but has been atly cheattradicted by the defendant.I need not remind you of their appearance and conduct on the stand. They have presented themselves in the cynical condence that their testimony would not be doubted. They were condent that you, the jury, would go along with the evil assumption that all Negros lie, and are immoral. Mr. Robinson is accused of rape, when it was she who made the advances on him. He erect his word against two white peoples, and now he is on trial for no apparent reason- except that he is black.Thomas Jefferson formerly said that all men are created get withal, a phrase that the government is fond of hurling at us. There is a tendency in this year of grace, 1935, for certain people to use that ph rase out of context, to pander all conditions. We know that all men are not created equal in the sense that some people would have us believe. approximately people are smarter than others, some people have more luck because they are born with it, some men have more bills than others, and some people are more gifted than others. provided on that point is one way in this country in which all men are created equal. An institution that makes a pauper the equal of a Rockefeller, theignorant human being the equal of any president, and the stupid man the equal of Einstein.That institution is the court. But a court is only as sound as its jury, and the jury is only as sound as the men who make it up. I am condent that you gentlemen will review without passion the evidence you have heard, come to a decision, and restore the defendant to his family. In the ca-ca of God, do your duty. In the name of God, gentlemen, believe Tom Robinson. I could knock down all the blue jays I wanted, if I could hit em, but to call in it was a sin to kill a mockingbirdWell, I elaborate because mockingbirds dont do anything but make music for us to enjoy.They dont eat peoples gardens, dont nest in the corncribs, they dont do one thing but just sing their hearts out for us. Atticus represents pietism and reason in To Kill a Mockingbird. As a character, Atticus is even-handed throughout the story. He is one of the very few characters who never has to reconsideration his position on an issue. His parenting style is quite unique in that he treats his children as adults, honestly answering any question they have.He uses all these instances as an opportunity to pass his values on to guidebook and Jem. Scout says that Do you really think so? . . . was Atticuss hazardous question because he delighted in helping people take up a situation in a new light. Atticus uses this attack not only with his children, but with all of Maycomb. And yet, for all of his mature interposition of Jem a nd Scout, he patiently recognizes that they are children and that they will make childish mistakes and assumptions. Ironically, Atticuss oneinsecurity seems to be in the child-rearing department, and he often defends his ideas about pinnacle children to those more experienced and more traditional. His stern but fair attitude toward Jem and Scout reaches into the courtroom as well. He courteously proves that Bob Ewell is a liar he respectfully questions Mayella about her consumption in Toms crisis. One of the things that his longtime friend Miss Maudie admires about him is that Atticus Finch is the same in his house as he is on the public streets.The only time he seriously lectures his children is on the evils of taking advantage of those less fortunate or less educated, a philosophy he carries into the animal world by his refusal to hunt. And although most of the townsfolk readily pins the label trash on other people, Atticus reserves that distinction for those people who unfair ly exploit others. Atticus believesin rightness and the justice formation. He doesnt like criminal law, yet he accepts the appointment to Tom Robinsons case.He knows before he begins that hes going to lose this case, but that doesnt stop him from fully grown Tom the strongest defense he possibly can. And, importantly, Atticus doesnt put so much effort into Toms case because hes an African American, but because he is innocent. Atticus feels that the justice system should be color blind, and he defends Tom as an innocent man, not a man of color. Atticus is the adult character least infected by prejudice in the novel. He has no problem with his children be Calpurnias church, or with a black woman essentially raising his children. He admonishes Scout not to use racial slurs, and is careful to invariably use the terms acceptable for his time and culture.He goes to Helens kin to tell her of Toms death, which means a white man spending time in the black community. Other men in town w ouldve sent a messenger and left it at that. His lack of prejudice doesnt apply only to other races, however. He is untouched by Mrs. Duboses caustic tongue, Miss Stephanie Crawfords catty gossip, and even Walter Cunninghams thinly veiled threat on his life. He doesnt retaliate when Bob Ewell spits in his face because he understands that he has wound Ewells pride the only real possession this man has. Atticus accepts these people because he is an expert at climbing into other peoples skin and walking close to in it.

Islamic State

Islamic Economics Institution Of Bait-ul-Maal By Muhammad Adeel Mian Sajjad Naqwi Sec-H Presented to dismiss Tahseen Lahore School of Economics BAIT-UL-MAAL Introduction The bait-ul-maal is a unique institute which was formal for the economic prosperity of the people. As we totally(a) know in the Islamic system of life reign belongs to Allah and man is His vicegerent on earth. Similarly the same(p) concept applies to Bait-ul-maal, where Allah is sole master of this exchequer while the caliphs be all the orderee of Bait-ul-Maal. In this sense the concept of Bait-ul-maal is unalike from the concept of human beings exchequer in un-Islamic systems.In an Islamic soil Bait-ul-maal is Safeguarded and expenditures from it is made in the sense that it is a trust. Definition So how can we define bait-ul-maal? It is the score which is intentional for keeping the spoils of war, charity, land tax and Jizyah (the tax which a free non- Islamic profits in Muslim countries in return for his security department), and this money should be in the men of the caliph or a Muslim ruler who spends it in what Allaah has ordained. Historically, it was a financial initiation responsible for the administration of taxes in Islamic states, particularly in the early Islamic Caliphate.It served as a royal treasury for the caliphs, managing personal finances and government expenditures. Further, it administered distributions of zakah revenues for public works. History Bayt al-mal was the department that dealt with the revenues and all otherwise economic matters of the state. In the time of Muhammad (SAW) at that place was no perm Bait-ul-Mal or public treasury. Whatever revenues or other summations were received were distributed immediately. on that point were no salaries to be paid, and there was no state expenditure.Similarly Prophet Muhammad, (pbuh), realized the common fellowhood of Muslims soon afterward the Hijrah to Medina from Mecca. Each resident of Medina be came a helper (ansar) to each individual who migrated with Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). The exuberant Muslims took charge of the pitiable ones and soon the economic disparity was removed with the interdependency. Hence the need for the treasury at public level was not felt. Abdullah ibn Abbas (R. A) states For me to fulfil the necessities of a Muslim family for a month or for a week or whatsoever period of time Allah pleases is more beloved to me than performing hajj after hajj.Buying a utensil for even a daaniq (one-sixth of a dirham) and giving it to my brother as a gift for the pleasure of Allah is more beloved to me than spending a dinar in the path of Allah. Abu Nuaym in Hilya 1328 only if It wont be the right expressive style to say that the concept of Bait-ul-maal didnt survive at the time of last prophecy. The Prophet, sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam, used to have trus devilrthy people who kept these as zeals and they divided them with his order on those who deserved th em. The mosque was the place in which the assets and belongings were exposed and the Prophet, sallallaahu alayhi wa sallam, would divide them by himself.However, the camels and other cattle remained in the folds until it was time for their division. Even in the time of Abu Bakr there was not treasury. Abu Bakr earmarked a house where all money was kept on receipt. As all money was distributed immediately the treasury generally remained locked up. It was account that at the time of the death of Abu Bakr there was only one dirham in the public treasury. After the death of 1st caliph things changes. presidency of Bait-ul-maal In the time of Umar (R. A) things changed. With the extension in conquests money came in larger quantities, Umar also allowed salaries to men fighting in the army.Abu Huraira who was the Governor of Bahrain sent a revenue of five hundred thousand dirhams. Umar summoned a meeting of his informative Assembly and sought the opinion of the Companions about the di sposal of the money. Uthman ibn Affan advised that the amount should be kept for future needs. Walid bin Hisham suggested that like the Byzantines separate departments of exchequer and Accounts should be set up. After consulting the Companions Umar (R. A) decided to establish the Central exchequer at Madinah. Abdullah bin Arqam was appointed as the Treasury Officer. He was help by Abdur Rahman bin Awf and Muiqib.A separate Accounts Department was also set up and it was required to maintain record of all that was spent. Later peasant treasuries were set up in the provinces. After meeting the local expenditure the provincial treasuries were required to remit the surplus amount to the central treasury at Madinah. According to Yaqubi the salaries and stipends charged to the central treasury amounted to over 30 billion dirhams. Whereas a separate building was constructed for the royal treasury by the summon bait-u-maal, which in large cities was guarded by as many as 400 guards.Finall y in Hazart Umers regime the concept of Bait-ul-maal was implemented and strengthened. Zakat This is the around important source of revenue of the Bait-ul-maal. It is different from the other revenues because its collection, in regards of with its amass amounts and in regards with its spending. Islam restricted the sources from where Zakat is collected, it is collected from the wealth of Muslims only and not from the non-Muslims. It is, as well, not a general tax, rather one of the pillars of Islam. Besides this, remunerative Zakat achieves a spiritual valuate, like the prayer, fasting and the hajj.Holy Quran and Prophet (pbuh) has displace a great emphasis on the debt instrument of paying sadqats. erstwhile the courier of Allah (SAW) sent Muaz to Yemen and express to him Inform them that Allah obliged Sadaqah upon their wealth that is taken from their rich and given to their poor. The Holy Prophet (S. A. W) fixed the rate on possession of wealth above a certain level and impose its collection. There are different rates of Zakat on various properties such as zakat on 7. 5tolas of Gold, 52. 5tolas of silver etc. It is, as well, not a general tax, rather one of the pillars of Islam so of great importance to Muslim society.Jizyah Jizyah is derived from Jaza which means recompense or compensation. It is a per capita tax levied on a section of an Islamic states non-Muslim citizens. From the point of view of the Muslim rulers, jizya was a material proof of the non-Muslims acceptance of subjection to the state and its lawsIn return, non-Muslim citizens were permitted to praxis their faith, to eff a measure of communal autonomy, to be entitled to the Muslim states protection from outside aggression, and to be exempted from military service and the zakat taxes obligatory upon Muslim citizens.Allah said Fight, with those from among the people of the book who do not believe in Allah nor in the Last Day who do not make unlawful that which Allah and His Messe nger has made unlawful and adopt the right way as their way. (Fight with them) until they pay Jazia with their own hands and are humbled. 930 Kharaj Land of the conquered terrorities left by the reigning Caliph in the possession of the subjugated unbelievers and land of thoses countries which accepted the sovereignty of Islamic state by a treaty of peace are called kharaji.The revenue, tax, rent, rate, lease, publish, income, wages etc collected from these land owners is called kaharaj. This policy of collection was first pick out my Hazart Umer r. a butsanction for the levy of Kharaj is also found from the practice of the Prophet of Islam who gave the conquered lands of Khaiber to the Jews (who were previous owners of these lands) on the agreement that they would pay half of the produce to the Islamic State. Now I will call upon Sajjad Naqwi to guide you with rest of the sources of revenue of house of treasury. SadqatLinguistically, sadaqah is derived from the root sadq or sidq , which means to verbalize the truth, to be sincere. It can also mean, candor and efficiency. Quran and Hadith fixed emphasis on sadqat. It finds its origin in Gods command to Take sadaqah (charity) from their lieu in order to purify and sanctify them. (Quran at-Taubah103) There are two main types 1- Sadqat-i-Wajiba(obligatory Sadqat) 2-Sadqat-i-Nafla( supplementary sadqat) Sadqat-i-Wajiba is the offering of Zakat while Sadqat-i-Nafla is distribution of charity concord to your will. FaieIf overawed by the might of the Muslim army, the infidel forces runway without a fight leaving behind goods and blank space or after triumph in battle the Muslim leaves the land of the unbelievers in their possession and ownership subject to a fixed tax, or a Kharaj or Jizyah all this gain sum up to FAIE. In this sense even kharaj and Jizyah start a kind of Faie. The Holy Quran declared the faie revenues as the right of bait-ul-maal. Faie is distributed amongst the soilders of Islam but ins tead is kept for the poor and needy. Orders regarding the Faie have beed issued in calf Al-Hashr Whatever Allah restorted to His Messenger from the people of the habitants, belongs to Allah and the Messenger and the kinsfolk and the orphans and the needy and the wayfarers, so that it does not remain circulating among your rich people only. Take whatever you Messenger gives you, and refrain from whatever he forbids you. Fear Allah , for Allah is stern in inflicting punishment. 597-10 Zaraib Taxes, apart from zakat and sadqat, which the Islamic state is constraint to rely on the rich to meet the emergencies are called Zaraib.Such emergencies include war, drought, carrying out of urgent public eudaimonia works and alleviation of unemployment. Discussing the question of assisting the destitute, Imam Ibn-e-Hazm writes If the bait-ul-mal funds, and revenues of faie fall short of meeting the economic needs of the suppliants the Caliph can impose additional taxes on the rich. If they resis t, the Caliph can use force to make them pay. Kra-al-ard State lands rent out on fixed rent are called Annual enlist kra-al-ard/lagan.No ushr or kharaj is levied on these lands. Lands which after war are denoted to a trust for the Muslims or ownerless tracts managed by Bait-ul-maal are called Ard al-Mamlukata or Ard al-Hauza Ashur Import duty was collected only once a year from merchants who brought trade goods into the district of the Islamic state. This custom or import duty is called Ashur. This duty was oblige fot the first tiome in the regime of Caliph Umer (R. A). Muslim traders who carried goods for sale to capital of Italy or Iran paid custom on each consignment.As a correlative measure the Islamic govt also impose a duty on incoming goods, but the duty was exacted only once a yr. Muslim, Dhimmi, or Non-Muslims, no one was exempt from this duty. However each of them had to pay different rates of Ashur. Muslims being 2. 5%, Dhimmis 5% and Non-Arabs 10%. The minimum val ue of merchandise on which the duty was payable was 200 dirhams. Muslims who paid Zakat were exempted if they showed an affidavit. Waqf To exaltation ones attribute to the ownership of Allah, that is, to dedicate it to the cause of Allah is called Waqf(trust).The income from this property is deposited in the Bait-ul-maal. Amwal-i-fazla Other source of revenue includes * The property of a dead soul Muslim or Dhimmi with no heir becomes the the property of Bait-ul-maal * Secondly the property of an apostate is confiscated by the state and passed on to the ownership of Bait-ul-maal CONCLUSION Baitul Maal curriculum is designed tostrengthen human resources, information technology, mentoring and facilitation of financing, and system management package technology-based and community empowerment in the areas of sustainable economic development.The master of the institution of bait-ul-maal is ALLAH and it is made to serve people and to maintain equality and brotherhood in the society. Ta x system was designed in such a way that citizens did not consider it as burden and fail to fulfill it. Taxes which were imposed and collected were just for the prosperity of state and its citizens and to make the Islamic state a welfare state. Hence following the rules and regulations of Bait-ul-maal can help put an end to poverty THANK YOU

American football and good sportsmanship Essay

One who plays a sport fairly and loses gracefully is how The Merriam Webster Dictionary defines sportsmanship. What is a sportsman? The description seems to have undergone a giving change everywhere the years. If children follow the example set by todays jocks, the definition would equal a sore loser. High school sports should be a sport way to physically express yourself as an athlete, tho at the same time learn secure about of lifes lessons, the likes of sportsmanship, discipline, and respect. In todays society, lovely comes before everything, but if winning requires neglect of effective sportsmanship, then nonhing is gained in the long run. athleticsship matters not only in sports, but also in the rest of our habitual lives. In any competition, whether a job interview, a school cognizance fair, or even a friendly game of cards with some friends, sportsmanship t from each onees you to win humbly and lose gracefully. playship also helps us to understand each other bett er, because when we get along, we ordure listen to the other persons perspective, and see where they argon coming from, and avoid a unstable, possibly waste situation. Almost everyday on the news violence is reported at a sporting event, evidence of bad sportsmanship.Without sportsmanship there would be no sports, because no one would want to compete with a person who when they lost, would fuddle a fit, cry, and whine. Young athletes usually learn sportsmanship from an older person, like a parent, sibling, or, probably the most influential role model, a professional athlete on television. Unfortunately many role models now days are planting the idea of gamesmanship, instead of sportsmanship into the heads of young athletes. Gamesmanship is commonly known as the art of winning games, pushing the rules to the limit, and using whatever means, to gain the reinforcement over your opponent.Coaches are constantly demonstrating how to be a badsportsman. They walk up and down the sidel ines screaming at referees, pretenders, and if provoked, the fans. Professional football players should enjoy the game, but dancing in the end zone after every touchdown is not the ideal way for a role model to present themselves. How can children be expected to learn right-hand(a) sportsmanship if their role models are presentment them to win at all costs or just do what ever it takes (to win)? Athletes and sports- crazed parents should remember that whatever the situation, it is just a game, because without good sportsmanship in activities, the lessons learned lose their value. Michigan State Universitys report, Sportsmanship mental synthesis Character or Characters? on the Youth Sportsman Institute webpage, explains the prefatory idea of how the role of childrens participation in sports affects their sportsmanship. The report gives examples of how good sportsmen, and bad sportsmen are viewed by society.The Youth Sports Institute says, participation is viewed as a double-edg ed sword that may have either blackball or positive effects on the child(Sportsmanship,1) and that the critical constituent in determining whether the youth sports experience has a positive or negative effect on children is the quality of adult leadership(Sportsmanship, 3). The business relationship Friday wickedness Lights, written by H. G. Bissinger, gives examples of bad sportsmanship, like the Youth Sportsman Institute suggests. Friday Night Lights is a story about a football-obsessed town in Odessa, Texas.The whole story expresses winning or losing the game as a life or death situation. In Odessa, bad sportsmanship isnt just a problem for the athletes it is a town-wide disease. The coaches talk bad stinker their players corroborates, while the fans litter the head coaches yard with for-sale signs, blaming him for losing the big game. The first instance of bad sportsmanship in the story is where Bissinger describes what was said to Boobie Miles during the previous(prenomi nal) weeks football game. One of the Cooper Cougars players said, Comon, you tough motherfucker, comon lets see how tough you are and you aint nothin but a goddamn pussy In the Youth Sportsman Code, these comments would definitely fall under the making sarcastic remarks about opponents and the gadfly at opponents sections in the unsportsmanlike category. Bad sportsmanship occurs again in Friday Night Lights when the quarterback throws a bad pass as the last seconds agree off of the game clock. One of his aggroupmates curses him, when the right thing to do would be to say something like, good effort, better luck next time. If the team is in a championship game and a star player violates a team sportsmanship rule which requires removal from the game, the rule must be enforced. (Sportsmanship,3) The Youth Sports Institute says to reinforce sportsmanship behaviors and penalize unsportsmanlike behaviors (Sportsmanship,3). The coaches should have discipline Boobie when he was angry an d threw his shoulder pads against the wall, instead of ignoring him. Another example of bad sportsmanship displayed by the Odessa coaching staff is when they talked bad about Boobie behind his back most of the other members of the Permian football staff privately called him lazy, and stupid, and shiftless, and selfish, and casually called him just another dumb nigger if he couldnt carry that football under his arm. Coaches should always be positive towards their athletes, regardless of their personal opinion. He sat on the bench, his eyes staring strait ahead, burning with a mixture of misery and anger as it became clear that the coaches had no use of playing him tonight, that they were willing to test his knee out in the nonsense(prenominal) runaways, but not in the games that counted. Boobie hurt his knee earlier in the season, and was not as fast as he was the year before, so the coaches benched him during the games that counted. The sportsmanlike approach to this is letting a ll athletes play regardless of their skill, or past experience.Ideally, society wants everyone to be a good sportsman, but realistically, in the heat of battle, with your adrenaline pumping, you will do what ever it takes to win. Until role models interpret that they are role models, and start doing what is right, bad sportsmanship will continue to exist. When you do not have good sportsmanship, you will not have fun when you compete in sporting events. Athletes and fans need to remember life is not all about sports. If you give it your all, and lose, you should not get mad at yourself it is not the end of the world Go back out there and try harder and maybe you will win next time.

Disney: The Decision

Eisner and some of the executives were very interested in expanding and twist a new story park. When they were attending a come across in Virginia, they were im runed by the post war restoration. The idea of building a theme park with the Statesn history as the principal(prenominal) idea came to Eisner at that time. The idea became a plan and soon the executives of Disney prove suitable land that was affordable with totally amenities. An international airport was near the land would non create any environmental issues. It was also near an interstate highway. The politicians of the state were also for development and growth.The land identified with all these benefits was in Prince William County in the heart of Virginias Piedmont region. What Eisner may not carry known at that time was that the Piedmont region was home to some of Americas nigh influential and wealthy people. The region had also fought off several developmental supports from that area. Once the announcement was made by Disney about the building of the theme park, resister started rising from most of the wealthiest people from the region. in that location was also opposition from miscellaneous organizations like The Piedmont Environmental Council.Why Disney America was never built The various organizations started mounting negative publicity against Disney. Disney being an image conscious community was put in a dilemma. Eisner was of the view that the project had to go on. He was also supported by the Virginias Governor George wholeen. In kindle of various campaigns by Eisner, the opposition kept mounting against the project with historians and journalists connexion the bandwagon against Disney. All the opposition finally caught up with Eisner who decided that continuing with the project was not worth it.The decision was made because Eisner knew that if the park was opened in spite of the opposition, after it was opened, it could lead to further trouble, especially from the hist orians. The need for commission on the other projects and the risk to Disneys reputation were the most of the essence(predicate) aspects that made Eisner decide not to go before with the project. Eisner decided that deciding not to go ahead with the project was the best option below the circle. If he had continued with the project, in that location could have been opposition from Historians who were already bell ringing against the project.If Disney had to concentrate all its efforts on the Disney America project then there was a risk of losing focus on its other business concerns. There was also the risk of losing the reputation of Disney that had been built for years. These were the main reasons for ending the project, further the other reasons were because of the problems in the management of Disney where one key executive had died and other had resigned. There were also rumors that there was a leadership crisis in Disney. All these reasons made Eisner deciding against c ontinuing the project.The best choice under the circumstances This was also the best choice that Eisner had. The project seems to have wrench a personal ambition for him. He had made remarks in a press release that would not have benefited the ships company. He also took it upon himself to go ahead with the project. This led to irrational thinking. Monitoring various projects would have actually become difficult if the company had so some hurdles in only a single project. The situation for the Disney company at that time was not good with the EuroDisney making a huge loss and the number of visitors dropping.Fighting a legal battle with the opponents of the park in Piedmont would have drained the resources of the company financially. There is evidence to suggest that Historians would have found fault with the many historical scenes depicted in the theme park, if it had been built. The Piedmont community and the environmentalists were also preparing for a legal battle with monetar y contributions pouring in. This would have led to a long legal battle if the park had been built. So it was best in the interests of the company that Eisner decided not to go ahead with the building of the Disney America theme park.

Credit Default Swaps

impute negligence Swaps Credit scorn exchanges are the transfer of third ships company conviction risk from one party to the other party. The purchaser of the exchange must make the payments until it reaches the maturity date of the assigned contract. A split understanding of CDS is One party in the swap is a loaner and faces credit risk from a third party, and the counterparty in the credit default swap agrees to insure this risk in exchange of regular midweekly payments (essenti tout ensembley an policy premium). If the third party defaults, the party providing insurance will hold clog to purchase from the insured party the defaulted asset.In turn, the insurer pays the insured the remaining spare-time activity on the debt, as well as the principal(Investor Words). The worth of credit default swaps results from whether or not a company fails to pay back the amount. The Washington Post Article Credit default swaps are insurance products. Its time we regulated them as suc h by Barry Ritholtz on March 10, 2012 explained that it was time to change the laws regarding Credit Default swaps. The clause talked almost companies like Enron and AIG took advantage of the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000, that promoted unregualated insurance policies.The CFMA tip to companies wrongly swapping their defaults. The CFMA lead to the 2007-2008 Finanical Crisis that was responsible for the collapse of Lehman Brothers, CitiGroup, Bank of America, Fannie and Freddie. The Telegraph article titled JPMorgan losses highlight need for credit default swap regulation goes into detail about the $17. 5 billion loss JPMorgan experienced due to a series of derivate transactions in 2012. It was first believed that they however lost $2 billion during the first quarter of the year, but by the end it was calculated close to $17. billion. experience. The government is left in a position that they have to help them, in order to prevent other economic depression. Credit De fault Swaps need to be either purely regulated by the governments where these banks are performing these actions or banned all together. These banks are gambling with money that they dont have to go on their losses. The more the banks can deregulate themselves from the governments power, the more apparent another major economic depression is to happen. Works Cited Blackden, Rick. JPMorgan Losses play up Need for Credit Default Swap Regulation. The Telegraph. N. p. , 21 Mar. 2012. Web. 23 Mar. 2013 Gandel, Stephen. why Its cadence to Outlaw Credit Default Swaps. CNNMoney. Cable News Network, 18 June 2012. Web. 23 Mar. 2013. Ritholtz, Barry. Credit Default Swaps Are Insurance Products. Its Time We Regulated Them as Such. Washington Post, 10 Mar. 2012. Web. 23 Mar. 2013 What Is Credit Default Swap? Http//www. investorwords. com/5876/credit_default_swap. html. WebFinance, n. d. Web. 23 Mar. 2013

Essay Dramatistic Analysis on Breaking Bad Essay

Cady is going to encounter psychological struggle and unwritten fond rules that juvenile girls face today. Through the bolshy perspective, the movie will be analyzed in narrate to show how sometimes the pull to conform to hegemony is so important that we take a shit no choice that letting us be dragged to respect the established hierarchy. Mean Girls is an excellent artifact, worthy of investigation in the way that it shows how we expect teenage girls to act, but overly how operose it is for them to refrain from acting that way.When using the Marxist perspective, we begin by identifying the unresolved positions, as models or anti-models. Mean Girls provides clear subject positions about the models characters that viewers be encourage to want to be like, and the anti-models characters that viewers argon encouraged to no want to be like. Thus, the models appear to be The plastics, a group composed of the three teenage girls Regina George, Gretchen Wieners and Karen Smith . By analyzing The Plastics, it seems like teenage girls affect to follow a specific pattern in order to be general.That is to say, on a physical standpoint, teenage girls need to be thin, pretty, and fail tight and revealing clothes, while on a behavioral standpoint, they strike down their time gossiping, partying, dating, and talking about boys, rather than focusing on their faculty member success. On top of the hierarchy is Regina George, and the two oppositewise Plastics are her subordinate. On the contrary, the anti-models, challenging the shape quo and considered as abnormal or undesirable are represented by Janice and Damien.Both of them are belonging to the oppressed group, or the group that is considered as inferior and subordinate to the dominant group. Mean Girls depicts how prosperous it is for a dominant group (The Plastics) to impose its ideology on other groups. The interests of the empowered group are then promoting as being natural. Indeed, in Mean Girls, t he dominant social group keeps the control all over the other groups because nobody dares challenging the authority claimed by The Plastic. The Plastics keep their status quo by oppressing and manipulating the other subordinate groups.They dictate how things should be. The positive power of popularity have with the negative disempowerment of being unpopular and rejected ultimately reinforces hegemony. That is to say, those who are popular are empowered even if popularity is just a facade for these teenage girls, and those who are not popular are disempowered. By focusing on Cady Heron, and observing how from an innocent teenage girl, she becomes a terrible Plastic, we locoweed deduce that once accepted by the dominant group, tribe have trouble in seeing the flaws and drawbacks of the hegemony they are in.In order for them to be aware of it, they have to become a member of the subordinate group. except the anti-models characters are able to see how wrong is the hierarchy they li ve in, and are willing to change it in order to create a to a greater extent equal system. Mean Girls proposed both a preferred and an oppositional view on the hegemony. Indeed, from the beginning to the middle of the movie, Mean Girls brings a preferred reading with Cady fixation her original beliefs, joining the dominant group and becoming a Plastic.Cadys desire to respect conformity can be explained by a need to fit in and avoid ridicule. As a consequence, the viewers, siding with her, support the status quo. On the other hand, from the middle to the closing of the movie, Mean Girls gives an oppositional reading by considering that The Plastics ought not to be empowered, in order to have a more equal system. Indeed, by the middle of the movie, Cady understands that her withering behavior made her loose her two closest friends (Janice and Damien).She also realizes she inevitably to stop acting like a Plastic and to categorize people according to superficial traits, and that sh e should start considering people according to different characteristics (intelligence over beauty for example). As a consequence, Cady, desirous of putting things right, starts to think how she could readjust the hegemony around her. Thus, she considers destroying the hegemony reigning at school in order to repugn the status quo. At that time, the movie gives the viewers an oppositional reading rejecting thehegemony. In outrage of the casualty and frivolity of the topic addressed (teenage girls movie), Mean Girls is still raise to study because it gives us some interesting and engaging acumen into Marxist perspective and hegemony. Mean Girls shows us how hard it is to resist hegemony when everyone else is subjected to it. Mean Girls also makes viewers being more critical about how hegemony is reproduced in rule-governed patterns of life, like the passage in high school for example.

Sahara Desert

General facts Largest Desert in the world 10 percent of the African continent, 5000 years ago had a significantly large mammal population, due to it getting dryer and over hunting in the last 100 years, the mammals atomic number 18 near extinction in the sahara. presentmentDefinition of desert a region so arid because of junior-grade fall piss that it supports only sparse and widely spaced vegetation or no vegetation at all Deserts cover about unmatchable fifth of our planet, and argon caused by extremely disordered rainfall over an area. Arid forsake generally occur at low latitudes, and can be found in North-America, South-America, Africa, and Southern Asia. In deserts such as the Atacama, there has n of all time been any rainfall preserve since record keeping has come into existence. While coastal deserts are mildy warm and get some rainfall and cold deserts are cold.Climate Temp The average temperature for this desert is 86 degrees Fahrenheit with the hottest ever reco rded being 122 degrees. With freezing temperatures in the winter the climate of the Sahara is unrivalled the of the strangest on the planet. Temperature swings of 37.5 to 99.5 have been recorded. Rainfall the average rainfall for the Sahara is just 2.5 cm and in the eastern parts it only gets .5 cm of rain a year. Seasonal Variations There are not much variations in seasons in this desert. It is mostly hot with very little rain. The only exception is winter. During winter the temperature can drop below freezing and it is more likely to rain during these times.Human InteractionThe current state of the biome is as usual with one exception the water supply. The only human presence is around areas of fixed water supplies, such as oasis and water that is underground only close to the surface. Humans that live in these areas use the little water that is available for them selves and take that small amount away from the creatures that live there.

Offer a Close Comparative Reading Essay

Samuel Taylor Coleridge was innate(p) in 1772, in Ottery St Mary in Devonshire. During the Romantic era at a epoch of revolution from 1770-1830. At this time Britains economy was experiencing the industrial revolution, consequently creating radical class divisions and an extremely large scale of dissatisf effect between the lower classes and the wealthy classes. In addition The En get byenment era direct the dramatic change in the way in which the Western domain of a function viewed acquaintance, Politics, and Philosophy. Particularly English scientists John Locke and Issac Newton shone light upon mans former ignorance regarding physics, biology, temper and human beings.Lockes An Essay C at a timerning Human Understanding (1690) was hugely influential, referable to his philosophical mentation and his mechanical theories on personality. The profound ways of thinking in the 18th Century sculpted the world in which we lie with in today. The amative literature of this age was a product of the scotch and social period in which they lived in. It is said that the deconstructive reading of Romanticism emphasize its ironies, its self-consciousness and the complexities of the ways in which it brought together philosophy, literature and history.The majority of romanticistic poets, especially William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge were discontented in this age of comprehension and reason cod to the mechanical way of thinking,and the emphasis on orderliness, reason and improvement that it displayed. Coleridge and Wordsworth image this limited the capacity of the mind. They believed that there was a deeper reality inside the the satisfying world and that our spiritual nature digest be realized done the use of our visual sensations. Anna Barbauld (1743-1825) was another extremely influential English poet of the 18th Century, born in Kibworth, Leicestershire.And along with likes of William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge and Robert S issuehey th ey defined Romantic poetry. Barbauld was a famous pistillate writer, and during this era of patriarchy this was quite uncommon, as women in this period were raise in a gender social occasion in society fitted into the role of the domestic world and not in the public world. She led a charmed life, and studied at Warrington Academy, and conditioned Greek and latin, Barbauld was raised as and remained an advocate of the liberal implications of Enlightenment thought. Rationality, compassion, and democratic human rights were the mainstays of her political positions.She was know for her contribution to romantic era, and during her lifetime was admired for her talent by the four-year-old Samuel T. Coleridge. Barbauld had a brief connection with Coleridge. Anna Barbauld had a more complex alliance with the young romantic poets, not least because she lived well into the nineteenth one C and she was increasingly treated as a remnant from another age. Her verse, To Mr Coleridge in 1797 is in regard to her meeting with him when he was 25 years of age, he had laissez passered to Bristol to meet with her and to wished to show her a range of his poetry at the time.The meter reflects Barbaulds initial impression of Coleridge, and her initial judgment of his character, counseling him to lucre more attention to his duty and activity, and to watch out for indolence. It is clear that the numbers, To Mr Coleridge has a retrospective, and negative tone of voice as she shows her disregard for Coleridges humane view on the world and his frivolous writing style, as she begins the 43-lined poem in light of his work, and an obvious natural setting, Midway the hill of science.I think Barbauld purposely chose midway to represent a manoeuvre in his career. The poem uses an allegorical take on Coleridges consider as Barbauld describes the grove in line 3, A Grove extends, in tangled mazes wrought, a grove is a reference to a short forest or garden, here Barbauld is using the grove figuratively as a symbol for Coleridges imagination. As Romantic poets believe that the imagination is fundamental.she is trying to suggest that inside this grove makes the perception of the impertinent world warped, as she indicates that it is, filld with strange magic spell-dubious shapes. She manufactures an graze of natural imaginings along Coleridges journey, Barbaulds, To Mr Coleridge has a dream-like quality. The imagery used in the first fourteen lines such as, filld with strange enchantment, gloom and mystic visions and filmy-net represent how Coleridge replaced the systematic way of thinkingthat the nirvana brought about by John Locke and Issac Newton, by believing in several(prenominal)thing else which we cannot fall upon or control. Coleridge believed that, A poem is that species of composition, which is opposed to works of science In lines 10-13 Barbauld is critiquing how Coleridge views an object, obvious to sight and touch, Coleridge was always c at oncern ed with the problem of how the poetic mind acts to modify or transform the materials of sense without violating the truth to nature.An unconditional tone can be detected by Barbauld in the lines, Filt thro sable glades, and lure the eager foot Of youthful ardour to eternal spare-time activity. She highlights his age with the word youthful(line 6), suggesting that he inexperienced is still yet to learn more things about the world and be realistic in his views. patronage 19 uses the word Indolence which was a key word in the time of the enlightenment, meaning, lazy and idle.Like most young people of the time with a grain of idealism he was stirred by the radical enthusiasms of the early 1790s12 She allows draws on Coleridges vacant mind (line 22) Coleridge believed that the mind was the reference book and the test of art13. The reoccurring theme of youth alike gives the poem a puckish element. Barbauld was a literary judge from the older contemporaries, and, through their p olitics coincided for a period, her rectitude was probably not very comforting to Coleridge14 making the generation gap between the two apparent in the poem.The extended parable of the hill of science can be seen as a nonliteral journey, Here each mind Of finer mould, acute and delicate In its high progress to eternal truth, the speaker in the poem is narrating the events of a journey through the english countryside, but yet some of the things mentioned arent present, here we can see that Barbauld alluding to the work of Coleridge, yet empathetically suggesting that he has a long way to go before arrive at his full potential. Barbauld believes that Coleridge is losing sight of social and political context.Lines 32-34, Youth belovd Of Science of the Muse belovd not here, Not in the maze of figurative lore. Barbauld implies that Coleridge does not get a hold on reality. The spleen-fed fog(line 40) that is being referred to is a metaphor for Coleridges lost sight along his path, and she appeals to his Unitarian nature by ending the poem with Now Heaven conduct thee with a Parents love (Line 43). This Lime-Tree enclose My Prison15 by Samuel Taylor Coleridge was also indite in 1797 and is a representation of a journey, similarly to Barbaulds, To Mr Coleridge.Coleridge wrote the poem afterwards he was unable to join his chums on a walk throughout the countryside, due to an injury, his wife had accidentally scalded his foot with boiling milk, resulting in Coleridge leftfield under the Lime-Tree contemplating all the sights that his friends would encounter. In Coleridges poem he uses the speakers neaten of thought as the narrative for the poem as he breaks his testify physical restriction and mentally takes the journey.The poem uses a conversational tone, arising the poem with, Well. In addition, due to it being blank verse this allows Coleridge to not have to keep a consistent rhyme scheme or a meter for the poem, and the conversational element a dds intimacy for the reader as he describes initially what his friends will encounter on their walk, the poet both observes and meditates out loud as he addresses a silent listener. 16. Many of Coleridges conversational poems were simple and had no poetic form.In the first stanza of the poem there is resentment and isolation represented in Coleridges plaguy sense of humour as the speaker says, I have lost Beauties and feelings (line 2-3), addressing himself as the I in the poem we have a sense of a self-centered Coleridge, he is sat beneath a lime-tree as he pitys himself over his injury that keeps him from going for a walk with friends. The use of monosyllabic words in the first stanza backs up Coleridges attitude to his prison at the start. His attitude soon begins to change once he begins to write down his sequence of thoughts, That all at once (a most fantastic sight) and he then switches from self-pitying to imagining, he connects to his milieu and enjoys being able to expe rience nature through his friends journey.It is almost as if Coleridge has an epiphany as he has a moment of realization through his imagination. At the beginning of stanza two there is a world-shaking transition in Coleridges perception, starting with Now (line 21) we can see that the speaker has thoughts have changed direction and has become a point of reversal, as he starts to liven the journey through Charles honey, who he addresses in the poem, a close friend of Coleridge, and describes him asgentle. It is clear that Coleridge is happy that Charles is able to embrace in his walk in the countryside, thou hast pined And hungerd after Nature, many a year, in the great City pent (lines 29-31).Interest in natural surroundings increased at the time17 this was mainly due to the industrial revolution at the time as the City was linked to the mechanical, semisynthetic and urban downsides in contrast to the countryside made naturally by God. In comparison to Anna Barbaulds, To Mr Co leridge throughout both poems both poets continue to capitalize accredited words to highlight their significance.And continue to use enjambment as a device to display urgency through lines that run on. In This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison he is breaking his physical barrier in the journey, whereas in Barbaulds poem it is a case of . Coleridge believed that poetic language depended for its takings on the poets heightening or intensifying it (through patterning, compression, repetition and so on) and thus making it more specialized and taking it further away from the patterns of everyday speech.A common characteristic that sets the majority of female romantic poets apart from the males is the way many male poets refer to themselves as I throughout the text, which Coleridge displays in This Lime-Tree My Bower Prison. Coleridge also addresses his close friend Charles Lamb in the poem, he repeats the sentiment, My gentle-hearted Charles in the second and third stanza a fewer times, th e speaker is putting emphasis on his particular name strategically.Coleridge also makes religious connotations about nature and the master. He points out that they are, Beneath the full wide heaven (Line 22) and the Almighty spirit, when he makes Spirits perceive his presence. (Line 43) In the last few lines of the second stanza leads to the sudden change in mood in stanza three. Coleridge believes that by accessing the imagination is sharing in the creative authoritys of God. 19 The divine power is manifested by God. Coleridge was Unitarian, a religion that believed in freedom of belief.In the book of genesis in the Bible, God said, let there be light, and there was light. This relates to the metaphor of the imagination as a lamp, an active power that shines onto the external world, changes the way in which we see the world as the light transforms. 20 This is can be reflected through Coleridges poem as he is able to project his vision to the readers but it is not what he can seeon the surface. Which is in contrast to John Lockes which establishes idea of the mind as a mirror, reflecting what it sees. 21One of the main differences of these two poems is that Coleridge uses his imagination to create the journey whereas the journey in Barbaulds poem is that journey was an action that took place. And through nature Coleridge discovers that he has the power to connect to nature quite an than separate from it. In Coleridges Doctrine of Imagination, Biographia Literaria was on of his most significant work from the romantic era, written much later in his career, that he described the imagination in a way that dissolves, diffuses, dissipates, in order to recreate.

Marketing and Tasty Snacks Jenny

Specimen Paper for UPF Marketing-1 with answers air division A Multiple preference Questions 2 marks each (10 marks) 1. __________________ is the process of evaluating each market segments draw and selecting one or more segments to enter. a. Mass marketing b. Market sectionalisation c. Market targeting d. Market positioning outcome c 2. _______________ factors are the well-nigh popular bases for segmenting customer groups. a. Geographic b. Demographic c. Psychographic d. Behavioral Answer b 3.The stage is the increase life cycle that focuses on expanding market and creating product awareness and trial is the a. decline stage. b. introduction stage. c. growth stage. d. maturity stage. Answer b 4. A price reduction to buyers who buy in immense volumes is called a(n) a. quantity discount. b. cash discount. c. seasonal discount. d. trade discount. Answer a 5. A company is practicing ________________ if it focuses on subsegments with distinctive traits that may seek a peculiar( prenominal) combination of benefits. a. micromarketing b. niche marketing c. mass marketing d. segment marketingAnswer b Section B Case Study Read Item A and then answer the questions that follow. Item A Tasty Snacks jenny ass is examine for her A-levels. At the same time, she enjoys working part time in a local cafe in the village where she lives. She has noticed that the prices charged to customers in the cafe seem to be much higher than the actual cost of making the meals and drinks. She is sure that the owners must be making a right profit. Jenny is now considering whether she should carry on with her studies or whether she should just lead school and set up her own cafe.Jenny could set up the cafe in the village where she lives which is in a tourist area. She is also considering a busier but more pricy location such as the shop centre in the town near to where she goes to school. A recent put forward has caught her attention. It is advertising Franchise opportunities wit h well known fast food brands. She would claim at least ? 5000 to take up one of these opportunities. Jenny is diffident whether to set up the cafe as a sole principal or as a franchise. Questions (20 marks) 1.Identify deuce methods of market query and rationalise how each method might help Jenny to make her task successful. (10 marks) 2. Jenny is unsure where the best place would be to locate her cafe. She is considering two locations ? the village where she lives ? the shopping centre in the town near to where she goes to school. indicate Jenny which is liable(predicate) to be the best option. Give reasons for your advice. (10 marks) Section A- Answers 1 c 2- b 3- b 4 a 5- b Section B Expected Answers Q1. Market research methods could include Explain/ cypher surveys questionnaires focus group internet research. or primary and secondary research as methods. Q2. Possible areas for discussion include Analyses- benefit(s) Village location likely to cost less to buy/rent and run convenient for Jenny tourist area so will get customers likely to digest less ambition. Town centre location would be more expensive to buy/rent and run all year round capability likely to have more customers likely to be more competition Jenny will need to travel to work.

Similar Themes but Dissimilar Fate

Parallel incidents that tramp be found in Pyramus and Thisbe and Shakespeargons A Midsummer nights Dream demonstrate Shakespe bes adaptation of the tragic myth. The mere mention of the myth in suffice 5, confirms the l closewrights attempt to imitate the bag of the business relationship. However, in transmission line to the other, A Midsummer Nights Dream being a comedy, offers a joyous ending, where get it onrs are united and blessed by fate. The story of Pyramus and Thisbe occurs as a play within A Midsummer Nights Dream. It is presented in Theseuss wedding, supposedly to satirize the cheat amid Lysander and Hermia.However, a twist occurs in the end, giving the play a happy ending, thus departing from the real context of the myth. Parallelism between the two displace be recognized in the theme, characterization, and plan. both(prenominal) use the theme of nix delight in and disobedience. The beginning of the play suggests a close thematic resemblance to the myth. Egeus, the father of Hermia, apprehendks Theseuss judgment regarding his disobedient daughter. Hermia, the daughter, is arranged to marry Demetrius, simply she loves another man named Lysander, who also occurs in the scene.The lovers are very ofttimes in love but Egeus refuses to have them marry because of a predict he has given Demetrius. From this, we can see parallelism in the theme of veto love and disobedience of children to their parents. However, the presence of Demetrius is an addition, because in the myth, in that location is no mention of a third party. As such, Demetriuss character is unmatched element that suggests Shakespeares intention of dissuading from the old lovers myth. Like Pyramus and Thisbe, Lysander and Hermia are blind by their love.That night, they profess their love for one another. Like the lovers in the myth, they seem unable to live without apiece other. Therefore, they plan to elope to Lysanders aunts house to get married in secrecy. In doing so, they require to trod a forest where they meet a different fate. Similarly, Pyramus and Thisbe, being forbidden to continue with their love, decide to elope the next night and see each other at a monument, where they meet a tragic ending. This instance in the plot makes a good resemblance with that of the myth, where lovers decide to distinguish full control of their fate.However, skilful like the old myth goes, the lovers are doomed not to have everything going according to their plans. In portrayal 3 of the play, we see Shakespeares intention to make a depraved ending with the decision Lysander makes. As Lysander and Hermia lose each other in the forest, we find another parallelism where Pyramus fails to see Thisbe in the designated place. According to the myth, Pyramus does not find Thisbe and thinks that she is slain by a lion. In thinking so, he eats himself, and when Thisbe sees him dying, she does the same.Taking resemblance to the myth, Lysander is supposed to meet his death in the forest. This should run in the hands of Demetrius who decides to take revenge over him for losing Hermia. However, the death of Lysander that the sense of hearing expects does not happen. Instead of dying like Pyramus, Lysander confesses his change of heart to Demetrius, core with Hermia No I do repent The tedious minutes I with her have spent. Not Hermia but Helena I love Who bequeath not change a raven for a dove? (Act 3, panorama 2)He confesses that he has had a change of heart and does not love Hermia anymore. Instead, he loves Helena, the girl who loves Demetrius. Because of this twist, Lysander is saved from potential death. Similarities in characterization can be recognized in the two literary texts. In the myth, the characters are too overcome by love, as in the play. Specifically, we see Thisbe and Hermia with broad similarity in their intentions. In her dialogue with Demetrius, Hermia shows characteristics of Thisbe of being passionate to her love a nd automatic to die.She pleads to Demetrius, For thou, I fear, hast given me cause to curse, If thou hast slain Lysander in his sleep, Being oer shoes in blood, plunge in the deep, And kill me too. (Act 3, Scene 3) This shows the discernment of Hermia to die instead of living without Lysander. Like Thisbe, Hermia feels there is no tomorrow if she will not be reunited with Lysander. More than the characterization, we see a similarity in the portrayal of women in the two plots. Both assign women martyr roles of being true to their lovers.Not only do we see Hermia deeply in love with Lysander, but Helena with Demetrius as well. As such we see that the centuries that passed between the myth foretold and the writing of the play did not effect the way women are perceived in the society. As both literary texts contain, they are pictured as martyrs who await their lovers, willing to give up their life for the sake of the other. The theme, characterization, and some parts of the plot demon strate similarities between the two works. This only shows that the theme of forbidden love among youths is very recurrent in literature.Specifically, the theme of disobedience to ones parents reveal imitation of the myth. In addition, the characterization which suggests the theme of loyalty disdain death as seen in Hermia clearly resembles that of myth. The readiness to die just to escape suffering, and follow a lover till death are also elements taken from Pyramus and Thisbe. Overall, while the play shares similarities with the myth, Shakespeares disposition to end his play in a more romantic way provides the characters with a different fate.